Priority effects and desert anuran communities
نویسندگان
چکیده
The roles of priority effects and predation in structuring anuran communities have not been considered important in desert environments characterized by highly ephemeral pools and anuran species that breed synchronously. Predation is one mechanism that can set the stage for priority effects to be important, especially in ephemeral pools where resources are limiting and densities are high. We observed oophagy by Scaphiopus couchii Baird, 1854 on eggs of Bufo speciosus Girard, 1854 in the field and conducted laboratory experiments to test the hypothesis that S. couchii tadpoles would reduce B. speciosus survivorship via predation. Three-day-old S. couchii tadpoles reduced hatching success of B. speciosus eggs by nearly 90%. When S. couchii and B. speciosus eggs were laid the same day, S. couchii tadpoles reduced B. speciosus egg survivorship by 56%. Our results indicate that priority effects and predation may play an important role in influencing species composition of anuran assemblages in desert regions. Our study provides more support for the need to reevaluate the current paradigm in aquatic ecology that suggests predation does not play a role in structuring community assemblages in highly ephemeral pools. Résumé : Dans les environnements désertiques caractérisés par des mares très éphémères et habités par des espèces d’anoures à reproduction synchrone, les rôles des effets de la priorité et de la prédation sur la structure des communautés d’anoures ne sont pas considérés importants. La prédation est un mécanisme qui peut rendre les effets de priorité plus significatifs, particulièrement dans les mares éphémères où les ressources sont limitantes et les densités élevées. Nous avons observé l’oophagie des oeufs de Bufo speciosus Girard, 1854 par Scaphiopus couchii Baird, 1854 en nature et fait des expériences de laboratoire pour vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle les têtards de S. couchii réduisent par prédation la survie de B. speciosus. Des têtards de S. couchii âgés de 3 jours réduisent le succès de l’éclosion chez B. speciosus de presque 90 %. Lorsque les oeufs de S. couchii et ceux de B. speciosus sont pondus le même jour, les têtards de S. couchii réduisent la survie des oeufs de B. speciosus de 56 %. Nos résultats indiquent que les effets de la priorité et la prédation peuvent jouer un rôle important en influençant la composition spécifique des peuplements d’anoures dans les régions désertiques. Notre étude apporte des éléments additionnels qui soulignent la nécessité de réévaluer le paradigme courant en écologie aquatique qui veut que la prédation ne joue pas de rôle dans la structuration des communautés dans les mares très éphémères. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Dayton and Fitzgerald 1116
منابع مشابه
Effects of Fragmentation and Sea-Level Changes upon Frog Communities of Land-Bridge Islands off the Southeastern Coast of Brazil
We investigate the composition of anuran communities of land-bridge islands off the southeastern coast of Brazil. These islands provide natural long-term experiments on the effects of fragmentation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF). We hypothesize that Pleistocene sea-level changes, in combination with other abiotic variables such as area and habitat diversity, has affected anuran species ...
متن کاملHung Out to Dry: Choice of Priority Ecoregions for Conserving Threatened Neotropical Anurans Depends on Life-History Traits
BACKGROUND In the Neotropics, nearly 35% of amphibian species are threatened by habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, and habitat split; anuran species with different developmental modes respond to habitat disturbance in different ways. This entails broad-scale strategies for conserving biodiversity and advocates for the identification of high conservation-value regions that are significant in a...
متن کاملInvestigating Effects of Water Transfer Project from Oman or (Persian Gulf) to Desert Ecosystem of Yazd Province Using SWOT Analysis
The issue of water transfer from the high seas (Oman and the Persian Gulf) to Yazd province has been very controversial in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the infrastructures and capacities needed to implement such projects in the country in order to identify the deficiencies and shortcomings and to take effective measures to address these issues. In this study, using SWO...
متن کاملEstimating participation and willingness to pay of local communities for preservation and reclamation of desert areas(Case Stuy: Abuzeidabad district of Aran Va Bidgol county)
Recently, natural resources economists have turned to valuation and appraisal of the contribution of natural resources to human’s welfare and they have made striking progress in valuing the environmental and ecological services of eco-systems. The present study investigated people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for participation in preservation and reclamation of Abuzeidabad desert area through con...
متن کاملEffects of time since urbanization on anuran community composition in remnant urban ponds
Low-density residential development, the fastest growing land use in the USA, is increasingly occurring adjacent to protected areas and in areas of high biodiversity. Thus, determining the environmental impacts, including the cumulative impacts, of proposed residential developments is a pressing challenge. The relative abundance and species richness of anurans in 19 ponds surrounded by landscap...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005